Ellie WEST
Florence LALLEMANT
Chair: Mathieu Raillard
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS

For several years, the French Society of Anesthesia and Resuscitation (SFAR) has become aware of its own environmental challenges : greenhouse gas emissions from halogenated gases, the use of fossil and mineral resources resulting from the significant consumption of single-use medical devices, significant production of healthcare waste, and significant medication waste. These numerous topics have given rise to practical eco-responsible care sheets and guidelines such as the one on clothing and the one on reducing the environmental impact of general anesthesia. Practices are therefore beginning to change and knowledge in this area is growing, with the ecological transition increasingly attracting the interest of caregivers. Notable developments are currently being noted, firstly with the authorization of the use of Desflurane constrained by European regulations relating to fluorinated gases from 2026. Furthermore, eco-responsibility in anesthesia goes beyond the care provided and also concerns the general environmental impact of hospitals. Thus, the SFAR warns about gas leaks from nitrous oxide administration networks and consequently calls for the closure of these networks, which provide significant GHG pollution. The eco-design of care continues to progress and is now focusing on prescriptions by favoring oral administration over intravenous administration, which emits much more GHGs and consumes devices. Finally, many other subjects remain to be investigated such as the evaluation and support for changes in practices, eco-responsible locoregional anesthesia and a better understanding of the potential ecotoxicity of our practices.

We have heard about the problems, and now we will hear some solutions. We will hear about sustainability work in veterinary clinics within the Mars Vet Health’s global network of 3,000 clinics, demonstrating that sustainability practices and approaches can positively impact quality of care, resource savings and staff satisfaction. We will see some practical tools which can be taken away and used in clinics straight away. We will use real-life examples to learn how we can bring sustainability to life in our day-to-day practice. We will learn about some of the barriers to sustainable practices, and how they can be overcome. Most importantly of all, we will be introduced to some of the members of the community who are doing this work, so that we can remained connected to promote best practices for sustainability in France, and around the world.

Learning objectives
– To be aware of what is being done for sustainability already in veterinary clinics
– To know which practical tools can help with changing behaviours
– To understand the main barriers in practice to transforming to sustainability

Nurses/GPs Session

Speaker: Anya STHYM
Room 361

SYNOPSIS

Whether you’re a veterinary nurse or a practicing clinician, you’ve likely worked with an anaesthesia machine hundreds of times — but how well do you really understand how it works? This is something we typically learn very well for the exam and then forget about most of it again. In this engaging and practical session, we’ll take a deeper dive into the inner workings of veterinary anaesthesia machines, demystifying components like flowmeters, vaporizers, pressure gauges, oxygen flush systems, and scavenging setups.

We’ll explore:

– How gas flows through the machine, and what happens when it doesn’t
– Commonly used machines -pros and con’s
– Common equipment errors and how to troubleshoot them
– Best practices for daily checks, maintenance, cleaning and safety

Designed to empower veterinary professionals, this talk will strip away the jargon and build confidence around using and understanding anaesthesia machines — once and for all. We will share practical experiences and questions.

Anne Claire GAGNON
Philippe CUVILLON
Chair : Mathieu Raillard
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS:

Hypnosis is a physiological activity of the mind characterised by focused attention, absorption, dissociation and plastic imagination. Over the last two decades, a growing number of studies on hypnosis have demonstrated its ability to modify the activity of the cortex. This activity is characterised by localised hypersignalling in the prefrontal, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, thalamus, insula and somatosensory cortex In surgery, hypnosis can be used on its own for minor surgical procedures and invasive manoeuvres and/or in selected patients or as an adjunct to anaesthesia (local, regional and/or sedation). In this context, there is a green gain in terms of product and consumable savings. Administered by humans, it is free, has no proven adverse effects and promises to help improve the cost/benefit ratio. However, a number of immersive techniques (virtual reality) can break this compromise, moving away from green and towards consumables.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES :

1: to gain a better understanding of the cortical connections that explain the physiological mechanisms of hypnosis
2: to define a clinical application strategy incorporating green anaesthesia
3: propose pathways integrating hypnosis and green economy and define the limits in surgery

SYNOPSIS:

Animal magnetism has been in 1766 the first name of technics that became hypnosis around 1830 in human medicine. Many tools and technics were used for centuries to restraint animals during procedures, with one of the first described in chicken in 1636. Most of them are related to tonic immobility, a state of fear, unethical today even if it works on chicken, rabbits, dogs, cats, oppossum. Dorsal immobility could be compared to human hypnosis, which is stress- free, but doesn’t allow any surgery in this modified conscious state. Non invasive procedure (blood sample) could be made easier under akinetic hypnosis for cats, cows. Acupressure, used in T Touch and Emotional Freedom Technics, could be beneficial for all vet patients to decrease fear and stress before surgery, which could participate to reduce the amount of anaesthetic drugs injected to vet patients.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES :

1. To know more about history of animal hypnosis
2. To understand the differences with medical hypnosis in human anaesthesia and how polyvagal theory applies to animals and humans
3. To use animal hypnosis, clipnosis and EFT as tools for a green pre-anaesthesia

Jaime VISCASILLAS
Xavier CAPDEVILA
Chair : Ludovic Pelligand
Blue Amphitheater

Learning Objectives:
– Understand the environmental impact of anaesthetic agents by comparing the atmospheric lifetimes and carbon footprints of commonly used inhalants in human and veterinary medicine.
– Recognise current strategies to reduce anaesthesia-related emissions in both human and veterinary contexts, including low-flow techniques, TIVA, and the shift away from desflurane and nitrous oxide.
– Evaluate the role of loco-regional anaesthesia (LRA) and neuromodulation as opioid-sparing and potentially more sustainable options, considering both clinical outcomes and environmental trade-offs.
– Compare where veterinary anaesthesia currently stands in relation to human anaesthesia, and the steps we can take moving forward

Speakers: Tasha Mc NERNEY and Katherine ZATROCH
Room 361

Synopsis:
This lecture focuses on the unique challenges of managing stress and sedation in feline patients. We will delve into the behavioral and physiological aspects of feline stress, discuss effective stress-reduction techniques, and review the sedation options available. Practical tips and case studies will be presented to help veterinary professionals improve the care and comfort of their feline patients.

Learning Objectives:
– Understand the behavioral and physiological indicators of stress in feline patients.
– Review the sedation options available for feline patients and their appropriate uses.
– Develop comprehensive stress management plans to improve patient outcomes.

Enzo MINGHELLA
Valérie BILLARD
Chair : Ludovic Pelligand
Blue Amphitheater

Chair : Sébastien Bauquier
Blue Amphitheater

Addition of adrenaline to irrigation fluid in diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy in dogs: an anesthetic approach.
Ana Zapata

Differences in distribution of ventilation between lateral and sternal recumbency in common Hippopotami measured by Electrical Impedance Tomography.
KN Kuek

Treatment of abnormal pain or unpleasant sensation with constant rate infusion of ketamine in cats – a case study.
Jalise Zumstein

Pharmacokinetics and postoperative analgesic efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy.
Maria del Mar Granados Machuca

A retrospective study of propofol requirements for induction of anaesthesia in paediatric and geriatric dogs and cats.
Vasileios Zapridis

Chair : Morgane Debuigne
Room 364

Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of morphine or dexmedetomidine in sheep undergoing videolaparoscopic ovariectomy.
Ana Clara Barreto Pinheiro

Efficiency of isoflurane capture from anaesthetised experimental sheep.
Flo Hillen

Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in pigs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy: a preliminary clinical study.
Chiara Cipollini

Five-minute exposure to EMLA cream reduces pain response to intravenous catheterisation in calves.
Dogukan Polat

Single-site ventral distal paravertebral block results in successful paralumbar fossa anesthesia in steers.
Madeline Butterfield

Chair : Mandoline Chesnel
Room 362-363

Preliminary study of the use of butorphanol-midazolam or methadone-midazolam to sedate rabbits.
Patricia Ruiz Lopez

Sedative and analgesic effects of intramuscular methadone in rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy: preliminary results.
Mario Arenillas

Pharmacokinetics of a high oral dose of a compounded tramadol hydrochloride suspension in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
Claire Vergneau-Grosset

Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of oral tramadol in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis).
Claire Vergneau-Grosset

Effects of temperature on sedation induced by midazolam in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).
Renata Pinho

Nurses/ GPs Session
Speaker: Alex CHEBROUX
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS:
Anaesthesia records are believed to have existed since 1895. Their general design has remained relatively unchanged since these early days. They display a combination of numerical data, graphs, and textual notes to allow the most accurate and complete documentation of all treatments and events occurring during the perioperative period. Over the years, they have become a pillar of patient safety but their scope of use has expanded considerably. They improve communication among the surgical and hospitalisation team, ensure compliance with legal, local, or international standards, and streamline administrative and statistical tasks. Recently the development of more affordable and portable technological solutions has allowed, mostly in the human anaesthesia field, the transition from paper-based anaesthetic record to electronic ones. Electronic records can be integrated in the anaesthesia workflow at different levels: from basic digital forms to fill in manually on a tablet, to fully integrated Anaesthesia Information Management Systems (AIMS) which interface with all hospital systems and patient information databases. To improve completeness and accuracy of data input, several systems now automatically capture physiological parameters and medication administration data directly from bedside devices, such as multiparameter monitors, anaesthesia machines, ventilators and infusion systems. In veterinary medicine, despite many scientific organisations encouraging the use of anaesthesia records (paper or electronic), adoption remains poor in general practice unless obligated by law. This presentation will detail good practice for anaesthesia record creation and implementation. Barriers existing in veterinary medicine that prevent a wider adoption of these tools will be identified and discussed. In a second part, the author will provide an overview of the advantages of electronic records compared to the paper version, while also listing some of the limitations associated with their use. Many initial criticisms and shortcomings about these IT solutions have been studied or improved through randomised clinical trials and technological improvements. Moreover, some specific drawbacks of monitoring anaesthetised animals can be mitigated with a better use of equipment and acute clinical sense. Finally, the increasing accessibility, automation capabilities, and adaptability of electronic systems present a promising opportunity to bridge the current gap in veterinary anaesthesia record adoption. By reducing the burden of manual data entry, improving the accuracy and consistency of documentation, and enabling better integration with other clinical systems, electronic records have the potential to make anaesthesia monitoring more efficient and appealing to practitioners in everyday clinical settings. References Bailey K, Briley J, Duffee L, Duke-Novakovski T, Grubb T, Love L, Kruse-Elliott K, Martin-Flores M, McKune C, Oda A, Pang D, Posner L, Reed R, Sager J, Sakai D, Schultz A, Shih ST, The American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Small Animal Anesthesia and Sedation Monitoring Guidelines 2025, Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2025 (article in press) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.015 Gravenstein J, The uses of the anesthesia record, Journal of Clinical Monitoring 1989;5:256-265 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01618258 Grubb T, Sager J, Gaynor J, Montgomery E, Parker J, Shafford H, Tearney C, 2020 AAHA anesthesia and monitoring guidelines for dogs and cats, Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 2020; 56:2, 1-24 https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-7055 Riebold T, Anesthetic Records, Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment, First Edition 2018. Edited by Kristen G. Cooley and Rebecca A. Johnson; 24, 323-333 Robertson S, Gogolski S, Pascoe P, Sager J, Griffenhagen G, AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines, Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 2018; 20, 602-634 https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18781391 Rozental O, White R, Anesthesia information management systems: evolution of the paper anesthetic record to a multisystem electronic medical record network that streamlines perioperative care, Journal of Anaesthesia History 2019; 5, 93-98 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janh.2019.04.001 2352-4529 Taylor S, Benney H, Beaumont G, Bortolami E, Ford-Fennah V, Mcfadzean W, The Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists’ guidelines for safer anaesthesia, first edition, website Learning objectives: – Acknowledge the importance of monitoring and recording vital parameters and perioperative events during animal anaesthesia – Identify barriers to use of anaesthesia records and reflect on your current practice for possible improvements – Learn several tips to improve accuracy of instrumental monitoring – Discover the possibilities offered by electronic records and new information technologies to improve efficiency and safety

Nurses/ GPs Session
Speaker: Alexandre CHEBROUX
Room 361

SYNOPSIS:
Anaesthesia records are believed to have existed since 1895. Their general design has remained relatively unchanged since these early days. They display a combination of numerical data, graphs, and textual notes to allow the most accurate and complete documentation of all treatments and events occurring during the perioperative period.

Over the years, they have become a pillar of patient safety but their scope of use has expanded considerably. They improve communication among the surgical and hospitalisation team, ensure compliance with legal, local, or international standards, and streamline administrative and statistical tasks. Recently the development of more affordable and portable technological solutions has allowed, mostly in the human anaesthesia field, the transition from paper-based anaesthetic record to electronic ones. Electronic records can be integrated in the anaesthesia workflow at different levels: from basic digital forms to fill in manually on a tablet, to fully integrated Anaesthesia Information Management Systems (AIMS) which interface with all hospital systems and patient information databases.

To improve completeness and accuracy of data input, several systems now automatically capture physiological parameters and medication administration data directly from bedside devices, such as multiparameter monitors, anaesthesia machines, ventilators and infusion systems. In veterinary medicine, despite many scientific organisations encouraging the use of anaesthesia records (paper or electronic), adoption remains poor in general practice unless obligated by law. This presentation will detail good practice for anaesthesia record creation and implementation. Barriers existing in veterinary medicine that prevent a wider adoption of these tools will be identified and discussed.

In a second part, the author will provide an overview of the advantages of electronic records compared to the paper version, while also listing some of the limitations associated with their use. Many initial criticisms and shortcomings about these IT solutions have been studied or improved through randomised clinical trials and technological improvements. Moreover, some specific drawbacks of monitoring anaesthetised animals can be mitigated with a better use of equipment and acute clinical sense.

Finally, the increasing accessibility, automation capabilities, and adaptability of electronic systems present a promising opportunity to bridge the current gap in veterinary anaesthesia record adoption. By reducing the burden of manual data entry, improving the accuracy and consistency of documentation, and enabling better integration with other clinical systems, electronic records have the potential to make anaesthesia monitoring more efficient and appealing to practitioners in everyday clinical settings.

References

Bailey K, Briley J, Duffee L, Duke-Novakovski T, Grubb T, Love L, Kruse-Elliott K, Martin-Flores M, McKune C, Oda A, Pang D, Posner L, Reed R, Sager J, Sakai D, Schultz A, Shih ST, The American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Small Animal Anesthesia and Sedation Monitoring Guidelines 2025, Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2025 (article in press) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.015 Gravenstein J, The uses of the anesthesia record, Journal of Clinical Monitoring 1989;5:256-265 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01618258 Grubb T, Sager J, Gaynor J, Montgomery E, Parker J, Shafford H, Tearney C, 2020 AAHA anesthesia and monitoring guidelines for dogs and cats, Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 2020; 56:2, 1-24 https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-7055 Riebold T, Anesthetic Records, Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment, First Edition 2018. Edited by Kristen G. Cooley and Rebecca A. Johnson; 24, 323-333 Robertson S, Gogolski S, Pascoe P, Sager J, Griffenhagen G, AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines, Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 2018; 20, 602-634 https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18781391 Rozental O, White R, Anesthesia information management systems: evolution of the paper anesthetic record to a multisystem electronic medical record network that streamlines perioperative care, Journal of Anaesthesia History 2019; 5, 93-98 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janh.2019.04.001 2352-4529 Taylor S, Benney H, Beaumont G, Bortolami E, Ford-Fennah V, Mcfadzean W, The Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists’ guidelines for safer anaesthesia, first edition, website

Learning objectives:
– Acknowledge the importance of monitoring and recording vital parameters
and perioperative events during animal anaesthesia
– Identify barriers to use of anaesthesia records and reflect on your current practice for possible improvements
– Learn several tips to improve accuracy of instrumental monitoring
– Discover the possibilities offered by electronic records and new information technologies to improve efficiency and safety

Chair : Patrick Verwaerde
Blue Amphitheater

Mass balance, methaemoglobin and metabolite study of [14C]paracetamol after IV and oral administration in dogs.
Ludovic Pelligand

Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety of liposomal synthetic cannabidiol injected subcutaneously in dogs: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial.
Yael Shilo-Benjamini

Treatment of abnormal pain or unpleasant sensation with constant rate infusion of ketamine in cats – a case study.
Tokiko Kushiro-Banker

Evaluation of risk factors leading to poor anesthetic recovery after ocular surgery in academic small animal practice.
Adrianna Sage

Cardiovascular effects of intramuscular medetomidine-vatinoxan with or without methadone in dogs anesthetised with sevoflurane.
Turunen Heta

Chair : Latifa Khenissi:
Room 364

Effect on mechanical nociceptive threshold of intravenous or intramuscular morphine in healthy donkeys.
Ronan JJ Chapuis

Effect of the rectus abdominal sheath block with 0.2% bupivacaine in anesthetized horses on anesthesia recovery.
Stéphanie Dantino

Assessment of the pharmacokinetics and selected physiological and behavioral effects of three doses of orally administered tapentadol in horses.
Khursheed Mama

To determine the effect of the application of ice to the skin overlying the infraorbital canal on conscious equine patient compliance to infraorbital nerve block placement under standing sedation.
Shane Mart

Antinociceptive effects of the abdominis rectus sheath block with 0.2% bupivacaine in anesthetized horses.
Eutalio Pimenta

Chair: Caroline Didier
Room 362-363

Inducing hypoxaemia in experimental adult pigs by varying FiO2 with nitrogen.
Kate White

Concordance between rectal temperature and a core temperature measuring device with Zero Heat Flux technology in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) anesthetized with isoflurane: preliminary results.
José I Redondo

Morbidity and mortality related to anaesthesia for experimental myocardial infarction induction: lessons learnt from minipigs
Daniela Casoni

Creation of digital and 3D printed models to teach the mechanisms of action and functions of benzodiazepines (BZD) in veterinary anesthesiology.
Yuri Karaccas Carvalho

Simulator for training ultrasound-guided thoracic locoregional blocks in dogs.
Yuri Karaccas Carvalho

Nurses/ GPs Session

Speaker: Perrine Benmansour
Room 361

SYNOPSIS :

In this session you will learn about multimodal analgesia options for the management of perioperative pain in dogs and cats. You will gain the physiology and pharmacology knowledge needed to understand how drugs and other treatment modalities can provide pain relief before, during and after anaesthesia. We will explore how to create and implement the most suitable perioperative analgesia plan. After the session, you should feel more confident about designing a tailored perioperative pain management plan for dogs and cats.

Learning objectives:
– Learn about systemic drug options available to provide multimodal analgesia during the perioperative period
– Learn about locoregional anaesthesia options available to provide multimodal analgesia during the perioperative period
– Learn about non-pharmaceutical options available to provide pain relief during the perioperative period

20h – 1h

Chair : Géraldine Jourdan
Room 362-363

Reliability and initial validation of SIESTA-II, A short form of SIESTA (SEAAV Integrated Evaluation Sedation Tool for Anaesthesia) for dogs.
Fernando Martinez Taboada

A retrospective analysis of a single veterinary private practice canine population, treated with bedinvetmab (LibrelaTM).
Luca Zilberstein

Ultrasound-guided motor-sparing block of the distal tibia and peroneal nerves in dogs: anatomical study and preliminary clinical results.
Patricia López Abradelo

Attitudes of veterinarians in the Republic of Ireland towards acute pain assessment and management in cats and dogs.
Cipollini Chiara

Effects of increased resistance to gas flow on the tidal volume delivered by pressure-controlled ventilation: an in vitro simulation for cats.
Francisco J. Teixieira-Neto

Chair : Sabine Kästner
Room 364

Effect of early discontinuation of lidocaine infusion on accelerometry-based equine recovery from isoflurane general anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial.
Megan Sha

Flow-control expiration (FLEX) for large animals achieved by a gate valve.
Joao Soares

Evaluating capture of isoflurane from anaesthetised horses.
Kate White

Association between surgical duration, intraoperative hypothermia, and recovery quality in equine anaesthesia
Charlotte Sandersen

Can the Nose Outperform the Muscle? Pharmacokinetic Insights into the Use of Ketamine in Pigs.
Isabela Peixoto Rabelo

Chair: Delphine Le chevalier
Room 361

Comparison of medial and lateral ultrasound-guided approaches to RUMM (radial, ulnar, median, and musculocutaneous) nerve injections in rats.
Douglas Castro

Pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous hydromorphone administration in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).
Colleen Elzinga

Enhanced post-capture activity in urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) following alfaxalone-midazolam versus medetomidine-midazolam immobilisation: preliminary findings.
Patricia Romero

Sedative and antinociceptive effects of xylazine vs dexmedetomidine in New Zealand white rabbits.
Daniela Casoni

The Effects of Canine ABCB1-1∆ Mutation on Common Pre-anesthetic Medication Combinations.
Kristen Deom

Chair : Nicolas Girard
Room 362-363

Epidural catheter tip location and its potential adverse events in relation to cranial advancement in dog cadavers.
Martinez Taboada Fernando

Standardised anaesthetic protocol and complications during transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: A retrospective cohort study of 24 cases (2024).
Mayara Lima Travalini

Anesthetic mortality in canine patients in a veterinary teaching hospital in Spain: a retrospective study.
Patricia Cantero Campos

Comparison of atracurium administered as a variable rate infusion or as intermittent boluses in dogs undergoing ophthalmic surgery.
Borja Sanchez Martinez Conrado

Comparison of pain in ovariectomy: laparoscopy vs midline celiotomy under an opioid-free protocol (OFA) in dogs.
Mariela Goich

Chair: Charlotte Sandersen
Room 364

Pulsed radiofrequency treatment for the management of trigeminal-mediated headshaking syndrome in a horse.
Martina Amari

Onset and duration of action of escalating doses of rocuronium in anesthetized healthy goats.
Latchmi Baba

Reverse Trendelenburg attenuates hemodynamic depression during anesthesia in late-gestation mares.
Carlos Valadao

Use of adrenaline to facilitate surgical management of nephrosplenic entrapment in anaesthetized horses: A case series.
Maha Abunemeh

Intraoperative Complications In Anaesthetised Horses: A Comprehensive Prospective Study.
José I. Redondo

Chair : Luca Zilberstein
Room 361

Profile identification of brazilian anesthesists.
Maria Raquel Almeida

Development of a novel ensemble machine learning model for predicting post-anesthetic hypoxemia in mechanically ventilated dogs.
Son Won-gyun

Evaluation of laryngeal obstruction and edema using the endotracheal tube cuff leak test in dogs: clinical trials.
Son Won-gyun

Owner’s understanding of anaesthetic risks – Preliminary data.
Beatriz Soares

The impact of pharmacopuncture with lidocaine on perioperative analgesic requirements and systemic inflammatory response in dogs with pyometra.
Renata Cassu

Eddie CLUTTON
Jennifer HUNTER
Chair: Sebastien Bauquier
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS :
The influence of the University Department of Anaesthesia in Liverpool, UK which consisted of both veterinary and medical anaesthetists on the development of laboratory and clinical research across several animal species including man over 40 years will be detailed. In particular, the leadership of Professor RS Jones over many years in guiding academic lecturers from both professions in research studies on several neuromuscular blocking drugs and reversal agents will be revealed. The highest standards of neuromuscular transmission monitoring and the pharmacology of all related drugs were taught in detail. Other contributions included the multidisciplinary teaching of medical and veterinary under- and post-graduates on all aspects of anaesthesia. The extensive contributions of the academic department to veterinary and medical journal editorial work will also be discussed. The mutual and long-term benefits of such academic teamwork both professional and personal will be acknowledged.

Learning Objectives :
– To demonstrate that both laboratory and clinical research by veterinary and medical anaesthetists working together is mutually beneficial
– To promote the highest standards of neuromuscular monitoring across all animal species
– To encourage understanding of the comparative pharmacology of neuromuscular blocking drugs and reversal agents across all animal species
– To demonstrate the benefits of multidisciplinary teaching of undergraduates and postgraduates in both medicine and veterinary medicine
– To demonstrate the benefits of veterinarian expertise in the editing of laboratory animal research in medical journals.

Jérôme ARNAULD DES LIONS
Pierre PASQUIER
Chair: Sebastien Bauquier
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS
War brings with it many traumas and combat wounds, often causing severe suffering. Relieving and caring for the patient then become the priorities of the clinician, whether doctor or veterinarian. These periods of intense suffering were an important driving force in learning how to relieve pain and avoid exacerbating it through therapeutic acts. The discovery and development of anesthesia and analgesia represented a real step forward in improving the safety and comfort of the injured, and the quality of care with the surgery. Progress in these fields is closely linked to experimentation, and historical analysis shows a particularly strong link between man and animal in this field. It is rare to observe such rapid application of discoveries made in one species to another, in both directions, from the earliest times to the present day. Advances in science on the one hand, and the globalization of trade and war on the other, have favored the widespread use of new techniques, transforming anesthesia and analgesia into common therapeutic means for the benefit of all patients, including our faithful four-legged companions.

Learning Objectives
– Review the broad outlines of the evolution of anesthesia techniques and protocols.
– Highlight the strong links between the development of human and animal anesthesia.
– Understand the specific challenges of anesthesia and analgesia, drawn from past armed conflicts: limited resources, harsh environmental conditions and the specific needs of war-wounded animals and humans.
– Understand the management strategies for war trauma casualties: acute pain, hemodynamic stabilization, and postoperative care.

Kursheed MAMA
Frederic AUBRUN
Chair: Delphine Holopherne
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS

This shared presentation will provide an overview of changes in perioperative small animal and human medical analgesia practices over the course of a veterinary and medical career. The presentation will highlight the evolution of medications, techniques and approaches over a span of 30 plus years. The attendee will gain insight to how small changes can positively impact patients and learn when it may be warranted to go back to historical experiences in management of patients. Similarities and differences between the human medical and veterinary approaches will also be highlighted.

Learning Objectives :

-Understand the reasons for the evolution of analgesic practice
-Assess whether these changes have been of benefit to patients
-Decide which changes should be incorporated into their practice

Pain can be fatal and must be treated quickly and without restriction.
Here are four questions:

How can you get fast pain relief? The pain level should be assessed before, during and after the administration of the painkiller, preferably using a unidimensional method such as a visual analogue pain scale, numerical rating scale or verbal rating scale. The best regimen for achieving acute pain relief in a PACU and in the ED is intravenous morphine titration.
How can the risk of severe pain be predicted? Severe pain is associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing chronic pain. We can use a clinical prediction rule that takes into account factors such as the type of surgery, incision size, psychological vulnerability, gender and age. For example, women tend to experience more severe pain and require a higher dose of painkillers. Conversely, morphine consumption and pain levels are lower in the elderly.
How can the risk of hyperalgesia be reduced? Hyperalgesia can occur after trauma or surgery. This risk increases with higher doses of opioids. Similarly, there are a number of risk factors for the transition from acute to chronic pain, such as depression or preoperative opioid consumption. Ketamine is probably the most effective anti-hyperalgesic drug for preventing and treating the consequences of hyperalgesia.
We can improve multimodal analgesiaby introducing regional anaesthesia and analysing pain trajectories, as well as by removing opioids during surgery. This reduces the risk of adverse events and hyperalgesia.

Eddie CLUTTON
Christine BALL
Chair: Delphine Holopherne
Blue Amphitheater

Synopsis:
Before the advent of anaesthesia, much research was conducted on restrained, conscious animals. Vivisection was seen by many as a necessary way to advance scientific knowledge. By others, it was perceived as torture and therefore rejected as a means to gain knowledge. The development of anaesthesia in the mid nineteenth century required some experimentation on animals, but even once anaesthesia was established for human surgery, it was not universally administered to animals. As the nineteenth century progressed, scientific research accelerated, demanding greater access to experimental animals. At the same time, society was changing, becoming less tolerant of suffering generally. Legislation eventually became inevitable. In 1876, Britain became the first country to pass an Act (The Cruelty to Animals Act) specifically protecting laboratory animals, and doing so by means of a licencing system. It was extremely controversial, being poorly enforced and driving much research out of Britain. Other countries were reluctant to follow suit and, while many researchers were treating animals humanely, it was only in the second half of the twentieth century that legislation became widespread. This paper will explore the early history of animal experimentation and the various attempts at legislation, before moving on to recent advances with the development of standards, training and education to promote excellence in animal anaesthesia and research.

Learning objectives
– To define the role of animal experimentation in science and medicine before the development of anaesthesia
– To examine the effect of the discovery of anaesthesia on the treatment of experimental animals
– To investigate the legal challenges that developed in the nineteenth century as the rapid growth in scientific discovery led to more animal research just as society was demanding a more humane treatment of animals
– To define and explain the current state of animal experimentation and its regulation.
– To bring all of this information together to answer the question of whether the situation has really improved for the research animal

18h00 – 23h00

Olivier LEVIONNOIS
David CHARIER
Chair: Gwenola TOUZOT-JOURDE
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS:

Accurately assessing anaesthetic depth is essential for patient safety, yet traditional methods often rely on subjective clinical signs. This keynote will review both foundational concepts and the latest methodologies for monitoring anaesthetic depth, drawing on advances from both veterinary and human anaesthesia.
We will focus on electroencephalography (EEG) and its derived variables, exploring how real-time EEG monitoring enables precise titration of hypnotics, reduces the risk of intraoperative awareness, and supports optimal recovery. Practical guidance will be provided for interpreting EEG waveforms, processed indices, and real-time spectrograms, now available on most modern monitoring devices. Other methodologies will also be discussed to provide up-to-date knowledge. Additionally, we will address the balance between nociception and antinociception, and how real-time monitoring can individualize opioid dosing, minimizing intraoperative hypotension and postoperative pain. The synergistic interaction between hypnotics and opioids in balanced anaesthesia will be highlighted, emphasizing the significant reduction in hypnotic requirements when even low concentrations of opioids are used.
Monitoring the depth of hypnosis is more complex with agents such as ketamine or dexmedetomidine, which are widely used today in human anaesthesia. Their use relies on mathematical modeling of plasma or brain concentrations. Spectral analysis of the EEG signal allows us to assess the effects of these drugs on cerebral electrical activity, reflecting their concentration at the site of action.

Learning Objectives:

– Define depth of anaesthesia and contrast traditional monitoring methods with advanced approaches, including EEG.
– Analyze the principles, interpretation, and limitations of key monitoring methodologies in anaesthesia.
– Evaluate the clinical application of EEG and nociception monitoring for optimizing anaesthetic and opioid delivery.
– Apply practical strategies for individualized patient care based on real-time monitoring.

Apostolos GALATOS
Gérard MICK
Chair : Gwenola TOUZOT-JOURDE
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS:
Music has been proposed as an anxiety and stress reduction method in companion animals. Lately, research has extended to its potential effect during the perioperative period. Physiological stress has been associated with the release of catecholamines, increasing anaesthetic risk in companion animals and further affecting wound healing and postoperative pain. Recent guidelines recommend the use of multimodal approaches in veterinary surgical cases, with growing interest in non- pharmacological therapies such as music, as an adjunct to conventional pharmacological approaches. Classical music or music specifically designed for dogs or cats has been reported to promote behavioral and physiological responses associated with reduced stress levels. The literature in companion animals regarding perioperative music implementation is limited; nevertheless, music-induced improvement in sedation levels, reduction in propofol requirements for intubation, intraoperative haemodynamic stability promotion, intraoperative anaesthetic and analgesic sparing effects and positive effects on postoperative pain and anxiety have been reported. However, the components of the music intervention should be standardized for a successful perioperative outcome in dogs and cats. Music type (genre, tempo, pitch, instrumentation), volume, method of music delivery, previous music experience, duration, timing and frequency of music application, seem to be important features of a music intervention. Considering that music treatment is a safe, low cost, low-risk, easy to deliver, noninvasive and potentially effective intervention, the current presentation will focus on the incorporation of music, as a non-pharmacological adjunct, into a multimodal approach in dogs and cats and furthermore aims to provide directional guidance for music implementation in a clinical setting.

Learning objectives:
– Existing evidence regarding music’s effect during the perioperative period in companion animals.
– Which are the basic components to be considered, when designing a perioperative music therapy intervention in dogs and cats.
– How to manage each component of the music intervention, in order to create an optimal music therapy protocol.
– What to anticipate when incorporating a music intervention into the perioperative period.

Sacha ROZENWAJG
Chair: Latifa KHENISSI
Blue Amphitheater

SYNOPSIS:

Artificial intelligence has reached its peak of hype and is now taking root in the practice of anesthesiology. But where and how?
After defining what AI is and its latest development, we will map real-world, high-impact AI applications – from perioperative decision support to predictive analytics, educational transformation, and its future scientific review.
We will focus on practical integration, medico-legal responsibility, and the fine line between assistance and automation: a pragmatic look at where we stand and where we must draw the line.
All this with, of course, some provocative lines along the way

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, you will be able to:
– Understand the principles of machine learning, deep learning, and generative medicine
– Have insights into their current use in (human) anesthesiology
– Have a critique eye regarding the interaction between AI and human

Blue Amphitheater